Apache

From Logicalwebhost-Wiki

apache is called apache2 in debian/ubuntu and httpd in Centos/Fedora, it lives in /etc/apache2/

• tutorials here or more in-depth here
• Securing an apache server here
• main conf file is either httpd.conf or apache2.conf
• find out if apache is running

 pgrep apache

• you put the virtual sites in either /etc/apache2/sites-available or /etc/httpd/conf.d
• when you get done with changing config, run /etc/init.d/apache2 reload to refresh apache
• apache 2.2 is stickier about permissions, and more likely to lock you out of a folder for shady reasons
• an example of a virtual host that works:

 <VirtualHost *>
       ServerName www.scooby.com
       DirectoryIndex index.php
       ServerAdmin your@email.com
       ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log
       DocumentRoot /var/www/scooby/
               <Directory /var/www/scooby>
                       Options Indexes FollowSymLinks Multiviews
                       AllowOverride All
                       Order allow,deny
                       allow from all
               </Directory>
 </VirtualHost>

or more complex with more goodies:

 <VirtualHost www.example.com:80>
 ServerAdmin webmaster@example.com
 DocumentRoot /clients/example.com/www/
 ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /clients/example.com/cgi/
 ServerAlias example.com *.example.com
 ServerName www.example.com
 AddType application/x-httpd-php .html
 AddHandler server-parsed .shtml
 ErrorLog /clients/example.com/logs/example.com-error_log
 LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common
 CustomLog "|/usr/bin/cronolog /clients/example.com/logs/%Y/%m/%d/example.com-access_log" common
       <Directory />
               Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
               AllowOverride None
               Order deny,allow
               Allow from all
       </Directory>
 </VirtualHost>

• a simple alias in the beastly 2.2.52 without the dreaded 403 error, in this case to make a mirror site

 Alias /mirror/ /var/mirror/
 <Directory "/var/mirror">
       Options Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks Multiviews
       AllowOverride All
       Order allow,deny
       Allow from all
 </Directory>

a2enmod rewrite	enabled modrewrite so you can make sane URL's from gobleygook
chmod 744 foldername	you have to chmod 744 your folders you want the browser to see, otherwise it won't
chmod 644 foldername/*	changes all the files in that folder to 644, the minimum permission apache will see
ServerAlias example.com *.example.com	points all stuff to example.com, so ftp.example.com, bob.example.com would both go to example.com